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‘Four Cuts’ was first used against Karen in the 1960s and was also expanded in 2017 in Rakhine.
It seems that Myanmar’s military, also known as Tatmadaw, has returned to its “four-a-side” strategy in an attempt to break resistance to its rule after a power coup over the elected government on 1 February.
But what are “four cuts”?
According to Naw Htoo Htoo of the Karen Human Rights Group, Tatmadaw began using “four restrictions” in the 1960s with the aim of abolishing armed resistance in areas under control. Karen National Union (KNU), an ethnic armed organization in Myanmar.
“They addressed all the people and people who thought they would have a connection to the UN,” he said. “They shot at Karen villages, they thought they had destroyed all the food and aid to help the KNU … they reduced medical care in conflict-affected areas, arrested people who suspected aid and provided food, arrested relatives … used widespread sexual violence and forcibly relocated the entire community. “
Tatmadaw has used four cuts in Kachin State, where a ceasefire between Tatmadaw and Kachin Independence Organization fell in 2011 and more than 100,000 people fled their homes amid renewed fighting, as well as in Rakhine State, Tatmadaw and Arakan Army displaced 230,000 people in 2018 and 2020 between.
In August 2017, after a group called themselves Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA) Rakhine launched coordinated attacks on police stations in the north; Tatmadaw carried out so-called “cleansing operations” on all Rohingya residents in the northern municipalities of the state.
Mass deportations, rapes and killings of hundreds of thousands fled across the border to Bangladesh, and Myanmar has now been charged with genocide in the International Court of Justice.
Many ethnic minorities hoped that Aung San Suu Kyi’s government, from 2016 until the coup, would hold Tatmadaw accountable in areas of ethnic minorities.
But he and his party, the National League for Democracy, repeatedly supported Tatmadaw’s attacks on ethnic areas and blocked international humanitarian access for the displaced; Aung San Suu Kyi also defended Myanmar in 2019 against allegations of genocide in The Hague.
“The National League for Democracy was not avoided or denounced by the government [four cuts] he had a chance though, ”Naw Htoo Htook said.
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