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A United Nations report has warned that the slow implementation of a revived peace deal in South Sudan risks pushing the country into a “large-scale conflict”.
The political, military and ethnic divisions in South Sudan are increasing, and among the main signatories of last year’s ceasefire were violent incidents, with nearly 100,000 people facing the possibility of a renewed war and “conditions like hunger”.
In a 81-page report sent to the UN Security Council on Monday, a group of experts said the slow reforms by President Salva Kiir’s government have led to more than a year of political conflict and disagreements over the February 2020 ceasefire and 2018 implementation. the peace deal has weakened relations between Kiirren and first vice president Riek Machar.
Kiir’s position on the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement and the power base in the Dinka ethnic group has “led to a call for new leadership,” the report says.
Many secret sources in Kiir’s camp cited divisions surrounding the division of government charges and that the president had “failed to manage internal tensions between his supporters and caused security incidents outside the capital”.
As for Macharri, the board said the inability of the government to make decisions or push for a ceasefire has led to the Sudanese People’s Liberation Movement-Opposition Army, led by the vice president, beginning to “separate”.
Experts say some political and military leaders in Machar’s camp are confronting his leadership, and some officials have gone to government.
400,000 people were killed
There was great hope for peace and stability once oil-rich South Sudan gained independence from Sudan. But the country was plunged into ethnic violence in December 2013 when forces loyal to Kiir began fighting with those loyal to Machar. Nuer ethnicity.
Numerous attempts at peace failed, including the agreement that saw Machar return as vice president in 2016, amid renewed struggles to escape a few months later. The civil war has killed nearly 400,000 people and displaced millions.
After the last peace deal led by Kiir and intense international pressure from the coalition government, Machar was his replacement. But the government has not achieved many reforms, including the formation of a military command unit, the graduation of a joint force, and the formation of a Transitional National Legislative Assembly.
“Given the concerns of civil society, political leaders and military officials about the potential for a lasting peace agreement in South Sudan and calls for Mr Kiir and Machar to be removed from office, an urgent commitment is needed to prevent a major return to scale conflict,” the panel said.
Experts cited multiple government sources and the armed groups mostly agreed that two and a half years after the signing of the peace agreement, its strength had waned. They said Kiir and Machar party officials also agreed that mainly “the slow pace of implementation and the changing political attitudes of some signatories have made it difficult to implement the agreement.”
The jury said the union government has not improved civil rights protections “because there have been constant threats from government security forces and armed groups.”
The International Famine Warning System reports that about half of South Sudan’s population has “severe acute food insecurity” and that more than 92,000 people live in various areas – the Great Pibor Administration Area, north of Bahr al-Ghazal and Warrap – in early March 2021. they were, ”experts said.
The people of South Sudan “need more humanitarian aid than ever before in 2021,” the report says.
“Despite the humanitarian needs of 8.5 million people, the government has set up bureaucratic barriers to providing humanitarian aid, and has avoided providing ongoing conflicts in a safe manner,” he added.
Experts also called for an arms embargo that will expire in late May and called for new sanctions against those who prevent the implementation of a restored peace agreement in 2018 and the provision of humanitarian aid.
They have also called for independence to study how the government manages its weapons depots.
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